Waynefam

19 Feb 2021 - 05:53 am

Влагомеры нефти производят замеры комплексного сопротивления водной эмульсии нефти, которая протекает по датчику. Само значение комплексного сопротивления находится в неразрывной связи от количества воды. Эту взаимосвязь рассчитывает специальный контроллер и выдает результат.

Вообще, влагомеры нефти могут работать, используя один из трех методов измерения:

- диэлькометрический метод,
- микроволновый метод,
- оптический метод.

Также существуют комбинированные приборы, но методика работы, в любом случае, от этого не изменяется.

Итак, Диэлькометрический метод измерения – суть метода состоит в том, что диэлектрическая проницаемость эмульсии прямо пропорциональна содержанию воды в ней. Электрод преобразователя, в зависимости от количества воды, изменяет емкость нагрузки, в результате чего изменяется частота выходного сигнала. Особенностью приборов, использующих данный метод, является то, что они способны работать при содержании не более 60% воды в нефти.

Микроволновый метод измерения базируется на том факте, что нефтяная эмульсия способна поглощать микроволновое излучение. Процесс измерения проводится в два этапа: сперва, измерительный и эталонный генераторы волн прибора настраивают на одну частоту, а после заполнения датчика нефтяной смесью, производят повторную настройку. Разница, между значениями настройки до и после наполнения чаши датчика, и служит мерой влажности. Такая мера, по специальным графикам, может быть переведена в относительные показатели (процентные значения). Микроволновым является потоковый влагомер нефти МВН-1,3.

Суть оптического метода состоит в том, что водонефтяная смесь проверяется на просвет, т.е. измеряются её оптические свойства (светопропускание).

Как правило, влагомер нефти конструктивно состоит из первичного преобразователя, в котором находятся датчики, а также, блока для обработки и вывода данных.

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По сфере применения, влагомеры нефти принято разделять на три группы:

1) Поточные влагомеры нефти – предназначаются для использования при подготовке нефтесырья перед переработкой, а также в системах последующего контроля качества. Работа поточных влагомеров строится на измерении сопротивления эмульсии нефти, проходящей через прибор. Сопротивление при этом зависит, непосредственно, от содержания воды в нефти и нефтепродуктах. Поточный влагомер предназначается для постоянного проведения измерений в автоматическом режиме, без участия человека.

Примером поточного влагомера является влагомер сырой нефти серии ВСН-2 и полнопоточный влагомер сырой нефти ВСН-2-ПП. Также поточным является влагомер УДВН-1ПМ, который можно было бы отнести к лабораторным, из-за высокой точности получаемых результатов.

2) Лабораторные влагомеры нефти – предназначаются для применения в научных лабораториях для максимально качественного анализа образцов нефти в целях контроля её качества. Такие измерения проводятся специально для определения уровня качества нефти, которая отправляется от нефтедобывающей компании заказчику. Лабораторным является влагомер нефти УДВН-1Л.

3) Мобильные влагомеры нефти – по сути, это те же лабораторные влагомеры, однако, обладающие встроенным автономным питанием от аккумулятора. Такие приборы хорошо подходят для проведения измерений в «полевых» рабочих условиях.В качестве примера мобильного прибора приведем влагомер нефти УДВН-1ЛМ.

Таким образом, для оперативного замера содержания влаги в жидких углеводородах могут быть использованы различные виды влагомеров нефти. Влагомеры экономичны, надежны, просты в эксплуатации и абсолютно безопасны, поскольку не требуют применения какой либо химии. Влагомеры нефти – это универсальные приборы, поскольку, сфера их применения не ограничивается только сырой нефтью. Такие приборы могут быть использованы для замеров влажности трансформаторного, моторного, турбинного масел в энергетике, морском и речном транспорте.

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18 Feb 2021 - 04:08 pm

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18 Feb 2021 - 02:04 pm

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17 Feb 2021 - 08:53 pm

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17 Feb 2021 - 06:55 pm

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17 Feb 2021 - 05:47 pm

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The elementary version of such a training way began to be acclimatized in the United States in the 19th century. for myriad companies of that lifetime, employees who knew the latest directing methods were in demand. With

In our homeland, the MBA program started at the branch of the Plekhanov mercantile Institute. Since then, the gonfalon has taken grow and MBA schooling is at the moment considered one of the compulsory an eye to renowned vacancies in the financial sphere.

What is the" backbone " of MBA education?
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The time to increment in-depth conversance in the domain of business, from which you can induce sound benefits in your common work.
Increased chances of attractive the divert of a eminently firm. The owners of this teaching are guaranteed to depart up the speed ladder.
Getting first-hand knowledge from world-class businessmen, and perchance in spite of that from Nobel prize winners.
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Quest of model, today girlish professionals who hold very recently graduated from UNIVERSITY are distressing to anger an MBA right away. The motivation is distinct — they after to in a wink take off a position in a important following in return a high-paying leaning with a vocation enlargement forecast. And there may be no time to acquire additional education in the future. But here's the puzzle — the MBA provides reasonable insight in contrast to the routine "HSE", which would be better compared with your own organization experience. This is the only modus vivendi = 'lifestyle' to highlight in the unreserved course the knowledge that will really help in a single situation. And without exposure, the whole shooting match becomes nothing more than an interesting revelatory program.

The subscribe to deprivation is again occult in the lack of down-to-earth feel in the interest of most of the owners of MBA crusts. It is difficult during them to bear the existing insight in discipline, they do it with admonishment, occasionally being delayed with important decisions. To charge successfully in a instantly changing market, you need to plan against diverse years to evolve the skills to solve complex problems on the fly.